Infectious Coryza/roup or contagious catarrh

Biosecurity Role in Poultry Industry

 

What is Biosecurity?

            Biosecurity means protection of life. In Poultry biosecurity means prevention and control of pathogens to enter and spread into and between the flocks. Good biosecurity is like a chain. If anybody who does not follow the biosecurity roles, he breaks the chain. The basic purpose of biosecurity is:

A.    Prevention of pathogens to enter the flock.

B.    To increase farm productivity and quality.

C.    Minimize the risk of food safety pathogens (e.g., Salmonella)

D.    For the betterment of animal welfare standards.

Biosecurity level for farm:

a.     Daily biosecurity measures

b.     Challenge condition biosecurity measures

Basic Measures for every farm:

               I.         Maintenance of boundary fence around the farm to prevent unauthorized entry of animals and humans.

             II.         Farm gate should be always closed and hold a badge of “No entry for unauthorized people”.

           III.         No entrance for any vehicle (including Vet) into the farm area, only farm manager’s vehicle will be into farm premises.

           IV.         Farm manager will not bring his vehicle outside the farm until or unless there is an emergency.

             V.         Car parking & housing colony of farm workers should be outside the farm boundary (proper demarcation).

           VI.         Tire dip and foot dip at the entrance of farm

         VII.         Shower room/tunnel sprayer for the entrance of only authorized personals.

 

A.   Daily Biosecurity Measures:

1.     Daily record keeping for the entrance of all employees/visitors to the farm

2.     Logbook should contain date, name, company, last visit of any livestock site, purpose of visit to current farm, time in, out and sign.

3.     Every worker & visitors must take shower from head to toe before entering farm premises.

4.     Wear special cloths and shoes   farm which should be removed before leaving farm premises.

5.     Use of foot dips and hand sanitizer at the entrance of each shed.

6.     Workers/Vet do not own a pet bird or contact outside the farm.

7.     If anyone from employees has influenza and diarrhea, he is not allowed to enter the farm, he must quickly inform the farm manager.

8.     No visitor is allowed to enter in the farm prior to the approval of farm manager/company management.

9.     All the visitors must take shower before & after visiting the farm

For Vehicles and equipment in Farm:

1.     Only essential vehicle will be allowed to enter the farm & ensure that it is fully clean & disinfected.

2.     Disinfect the truck/vehicle before entering the farm.

3.     The truck/vehicle crew must use the footbath. They are not allowed to enter the shed.

Rodent, pest, and Insect control:

1.     Please make sure all the sheds are wild as well as migratory birds’ proof and pest proof as much as possible.

2.     Check the baits daily and replace it with new one if required.

3.     Make sure shed is clean from all insects, bed bugs, darkling beetles.

4.     No animal or pet is allowed into the farm boundary.

Cleaning and ground maintenance:

1.     Always wear farm boots/gum boots and uniform in the farm.

2.     Clean foot bath daily and fill with fresh disinfectant.

3.     Feed spill must be cleaned

4.     Clean the wet litter from the shed as soon as possible.

Sanitation and waste disposal:

1.     Keep all-in, all-out practice.

2.     Visit younger flock first, then older and in the last sick flock.

3.     Collect the dead birds daily and dispose of them in proper method (burial in designated area, incineration, or composting).

4.     Provide proper ventilation to reduce the risk of pathogens.

5.     Follow the proper vaccination schedule and deworming schedule.

6.     Check the expiry of vaccination/medication before use.

 

B.   Challenge conditions biosecurity measures:

It is necessary to have a clear guideline, when acting plan for suspected outbreak of diseases. Like AI, ND, IBD, Salmonellosis, etc.

1.     Gate must be closed for all time

2.     No visitor allowed on site until its essential.

3.     Company officials will discontinue routine visits until and unless problem goes away.

4.     No routine works only emergency works need to be done.

5.     If there is an essential visit needed, then take head-toe shower before and after visit.

6.     To visit the site a complete set of cloths, footwear, hair cover, and mask must require.

7.      Vehicle (feed carrying, diesel/petrol etc.) must be washed before and after visit the farm.

8.     No birds, or litter should be moved in & out of the farm until the disease status become clear.

Cleaning & Disinfection Stages in farm:

Ensure all cleaning procedures and in-place cleaning programmes are adhered to. Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be worn during all stages of the cleaning process, including Overalls, eye/face protection, safety footwear, gloves, respiratory equipment (where appropriate) etc.

1.     Birds and Litter removed from site.

a.     Remove all the birds and litter from the site before cleaning starts, to minimize the disease transfer.

b.    Remove all removable equipment (feeders, bell drinkers, etc.) from the poultry house and dip them in a tub with a solution of heavy detergent to remove the soiling and any other organic material then disinfect them with proper disinfectant.

c.     Dry all the equipment’s and store them in a clean area, till returned to cleaned and disinfected poultry house.

d.    When the litter has been removed mechanically from the house, remove the organic material by scraping/brushing. It is important to make the detergent more efficient.

2.     Clean & washed down surfaces

a.     Make a solution of detergent.

b.    spread the solution at all surfaces, starting from ceiling to floor and from end to front of house, with a pressure washer, set at 45-70 bar or 650-1015 psi. Allow at least 15-30 minutes before washing all used detergent residues and soiling out of the house, with clean water at no more than 45 bar (650psi).

c.     All the house to dry to increase the absorption of disinfectant and reduce the dilution of disinfectant.

3.     Flush out the water system

a.     Drain the water system by washing away dirty water. To remove the biofilm and medication residues clean the tanks with disinfectant. Apply disinfectant in the tank and then wait for 15-30 minutes then flush it out. Make a solution of disinfectant and put it into the water pipelines and allow the 12 hours’ time to break down the biofilm deposits. Keep pressing the water nipples to remove the choking issue. Then after 12 hours flush it out with fresh water. Then fill the water tank with fresh and clean water and flush it out again.

4.     Clean the feedlines.

a.     Clean the feedlines with lime and fresh sawdust combination to remove any feed residues from the feed line. It will help to minimize the mycotoxins problem.

5.     Application of disinfectant in the house.

a.     For terminal disinfection make a solution of glutaraldehyde & quaternary ammonium compound base disinfectant and apply it in the house starting from apex of roof to the ground. From back of house to front of the house. Let it is dry for 12-48 hours.

6.     Replace equipment and new litter

a.     Put a fresh new bedding material (sawdust, rice husk or coffee husk) and equipment’s in the house and close all the openings of the house.

7.     Fumigation of house

a.     After sealing the house from all sides, fumigate the house with formaldehyde or Orthophenylphenol at least 24-48 hours before arrival of chicks. During fumigation, keep PPE (gas mask etc.)

8.     Arial disinfection of poultry house:

a.     After 7 days of restocking the poultry house, make a solution of glutaraldehyde & quaternary ammonium compound chemical and spray it on the birds to minimize the bacterial load twice a day.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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